英文文檔：

staticmethod(function)

Return a static method for function.

A static method does not receive an implicit first argument.

The @staticmethod form is a function decorator ? see the description of function definitions in Function definitions for details.

It can be called either on the class (such as C.f()) or on an instance (such as C().f()). The instance is ignored except for its class.

標(biāo)示方法為靜態(tài)方法的裝飾器

說(shuō)明：

1. 類中普通的方法，實(shí)際上既可以被類直接調(diào)用也可以被類的實(shí)例對(duì)象調(diào)用，但是被實(shí)例對(duì)象調(diào)用的時(shí)候，要求方法至少有一個(gè)參數(shù)，而且調(diào)用時(shí)會(huì)將實(shí)例對(duì)象本身傳給第一個(gè)參數(shù)

>>> class Student(object): def __init__(self,name): self.name = name def sayHello(lang): print(lang) if lang == ’en’: print(’Welcome!’) else: print(’你好！’) >>> Student.sayHello<function Student.sayHello at 0x02AC7810>>>> a = Student(’Bob’)>>> a.sayHello<bound method Student.sayHello of <__main__.Student object at 0x02AD03F0>>>>> Student.sayHello(’en’) # 類調(diào)用的時(shí)候，將’en’傳給了lang參數(shù)enWelcome!>>> a.sayHello() # 類實(shí)例對(duì)象調(diào)用的時(shí)候，將對(duì)象本身自動(dòng)傳給了lang參數(shù)，不能再接收參數(shù)<__main__.Student object at 0x02AD03F0>你好！ >>> a.sayHello(’en’) Traceback (most recent call last): File '<pyshell#7>', line 1, in <module> a.sayHello(’en’) TypeError: sayHello() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

2. staticmethod函數(shù)功能就是將一個(gè)方法定義成類的靜態(tài)方法，正確的方法是使用 @staticmethod裝飾器，這樣在實(shí)例對(duì)象調(diào)用的時(shí)候，不會(huì)把實(shí)例對(duì)象本身傳入靜態(tài)方法的第一個(gè)參數(shù)了。

# 使用裝飾器定義靜態(tài)方法>>> class Student(object): def __init__(self,name): self.name = name @staticmethod def sayHello(lang): print(lang) if lang == ’en’: print(’Welcome!’) else: print(’你好！’) >>> Student.sayHello(’en’) #類調(diào)用,’en’傳給了lang參數(shù)enWelcome!>>> b = Student(’Kim’) #類實(shí)例對(duì)象調(diào)用,不再將類實(shí)例對(duì)象傳入靜態(tài)方法>>> b.sayHello()Traceback (most recent call last): File '<pyshell#71>', line 1, in <module> b.sayHello()TypeError: sayHello() missing 1 required positional argument: ’lang’>>> b.sayHello(’zh’) #類實(shí)例對(duì)象調(diào)用,’zh’傳給了lang參數(shù)zh你好！

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