在Oracle 19c多租戶環境的PDB數據庫下面創建一個DIRECTORY時，遇到了“ORA-65254: invalid path specified for the directory”，下面簡單演示一下所遇到的這個案例

SQL>?CREATE?PLUGGABLE?DATABASE?PDB6?ADMIN?USER?pdbadmin?IDENTIFIED?BY?hqLDJ7236#4U8JHD??2??STORAGE?(MAXSIZE?1G?MAX_SHARED_TEMP_SIZE?2G)??3??DEFAULT?TABLESPACE?TEST?DATAFILE?'/db19c/oracle_data/PDB6/test_data_01.dbf'?SIZE?100M??4??PATH_PREFIX?='/db19c/oracle_data/PDB6/'??5??FILE_NAME_CONVERT=('/db19c/CTEST/pdbseed/','/db19c/oracle_data/PDB6/');Pluggable?database?created.SQL>?SQL>?alter?pluggable?database?pdb6?open;Pluggable?database?altered.SQL>?alter?session?set?container=PDB6;Session?altered.SQL>?CREATE?OR?REPLACE?DIRECTORY?EXP_DUMP?AS?'/db19c/exp_dump';CREATE?OR?REPLACE?DIRECTORY?EXP_DUMP?AS?'/db19c/exp_dump'*ERROR?at?line?1:ORA-65254:?invalid?path?specified?for?the?directory##注意，創建DIRECTORY時，這個目錄/db19c/exp_dump已經存在。SQL>?SQL>?!oerr?ora?6525465254,?00000,?'invalid?path?specified?for?the?directory'//?*Cause:???An?absolute?path?was?used?in?the?CREATE?DIRECTORY?statement.?//???????????Since?the?PDB?has?set?the?PATH_PREFIX?property,?only?relative//???????????path?is?allowed?for?directories.//?*Action:??Specify?a?relative?path?and?reissue?the?statement.//SQL>

如上所示，數據庫提示，出現這個錯誤的原因在于創建PDB的語句中指定了PATH_PREFIX參數，創建目錄DIRECTORY時只能使用相對路徑，而不能使用絕對路徑。其實創建PDB時，如果設置了PATH_PREFIX參數，那么這個PDB中的所有對象只能限定在PATH_PREFIX指定的路徑下，,只能指定基于PATH_PREFIX的相對路徑。官方文檔關于這個的解釋如下所示：

Restrictions on PDB File Locations

The PATH_PREFIX clause of the CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE statement ensures that all directory object paths associated with the PDB are restricted to the specified directory or its subdirectories. This clause also ensures that the following files associated with the PDB are restricted to the specified directory: the Oracle XML repository for the PDB, files created with a CREATE PFILE statement, and the export directory for Oracle wallets. Use this clause when you want to ensure that a PDB's files reside in a specific directory and its subdirectories. You can use this clause to specify one of the following options:

An absolute path that is used as a prefix for all file paths associated with the PDB.

The name of a directory object that exists in the CDB root (CDB$ROOT). The directory object points to the absolute path to be used for PATH_PREFIX.

NONE to indicate that there are no restrictions for the file paths. Omitting the PATH_PREFIX clause is the same as specifying NONE.

After a PDB is created, its PATH_PREFIX setting cannot be modified.

也就是說，如果我要創建一個目錄，只能使用相對路徑的目錄，而且必須在PATH_PREFIX指定的/db19c/oracle_data/PDB6/下面，想指定到其他路徑，例如/db19c/exp_dump.此時就會拋出ORA-65254錯誤。

解決方法SQL>?CREATE?OR?REPLACE?DIRECTORY?EXP_DUMP?AS?'exp_dump';Directory?created.SQL>?SET?LINESIZE?1080;SQL>?COL?OWNER?FOR?A16;SQL>?COL?DIRECTORY_NAME?FOR?A30;SQL>?COL?DIRECTORY_PATH?FOR?A64;SQL>?SELECT?*?FROM?DBA_DIRECTORIES;OWNER??????DIRECTORY_NAME???????DIRECTORY_PATH?????????????????ORIGIN_CON_ID-------?------------------?-----------------------------------?-------------SYS??????????????EXP_DUMP???/db19c/oracle_data/PDB6/exp_dump???

關于這種問題，如果在創建PDB數據庫時，不設定參數PATH_PREFIX就不會遇到這個問題。一般沒有特殊要求，也不用設定參數PATH_PREFIX。

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