Java判斷線程池線程是否執(zhí)行完畢
在使用多線程的時(shí)候有時(shí)候我們會(huì)使用 java.util.concurrent.Executors的線程池,當(dāng)多個(gè)線程異步執(zhí)行的時(shí)候,我們往往不好判斷是否線程池中所有的子線程都已經(jīng)執(zhí)行完畢,但有時(shí)候這種判斷卻很有用,例如我有個(gè)方法的功能是往一個(gè)文件異步地寫入內(nèi)容,我需要在所有的子線程寫入完畢后在文件末尾寫“---END---”及關(guān)閉文件流等,這個(gè)時(shí)候我就需要某個(gè)標(biāo)志位可以告訴我是否線程池中所有的子線程都已經(jīng)執(zhí)行完畢,我使用這種方式來(lái)判斷。
public class MySemaphore { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { final File stream = new File('c:tempstonefengstream.txt'); final OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(stream); final OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(os); final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(10); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); final long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { final int num = i; Runnable task = new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() { try { semaphore.acquire(); writer.write(String.valueOf(num)+'n'); semaphore.release(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }} }; exec.submit(task); } exec.shutdown(); while(true){ if(exec.isTerminated()){writer.write('---END---n');writer.close();System.out.println('所有的子線程都結(jié)束了!');break; } Thread.sleep(1000); } final long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println((end-start)/1000); }}
當(dāng)調(diào)用ExecutorService.shutdown方法的時(shí)候,線程池不再接收任何新任務(wù),但此時(shí)線程池并不會(huì)立刻退出,直到添加到線程池中的任務(wù)都已經(jīng)處理完成,才會(huì)退出。在調(diào)用shutdown方法后我們可以在一個(gè)死循環(huán)里面用isTerminated方法判斷是否線程池中的所有線程已經(jīng)執(zhí)行完畢,如果子線程都結(jié)束了,我們就可以做關(guān)閉流等后續(xù)操作了。
判斷線程池中的線程是否全部執(zhí)行完畢的另外一種解決方案則是使用閉鎖(CountDownLatch)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),CountDownLatch是一種靈活的閉鎖實(shí)現(xiàn),它可以使一個(gè)或多個(gè)線程等待一組事件發(fā)生。閉鎖狀態(tài)包括一個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)器,該計(jì)數(shù)器被初始化為一個(gè)正數(shù),表示需要等待的事件數(shù)量。countDown方法遞減計(jì)數(shù)器,表示有一個(gè)事件已經(jīng)發(fā)生了,而await方法等待計(jì)數(shù)器達(dá)到零,即表示需要等待的事情都已經(jīng)發(fā)生。可以使用閉鎖來(lái)這樣設(shè)計(jì)程序達(dá)到目的:
public class CountDownLatchApproach { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { final int nThreads = 10; final CountDownLatch endGate = new CountDownLatch(nThreads); final File stream = new File('c:tempstonefengstream.txt'); final OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(stream); final OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(os); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); for (int i = 0; i < nThreads; i++) { final int num = i; Runnable task = new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() { try { writer.write(String.valueOf(num)+'n'); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { endGate.countDown(); }} }; exec.submit(task); } endGate.await(); writer.write('---END---n'); writer.close(); }}
這種解決方案雖然可以達(dá)到目的但是性能差到?jīng)]朋友,我更傾向于使用第一種方案。
現(xiàn)在我們有了更優(yōu)雅的第三種方案,它的執(zhí)行性能也不錯(cuò)。
public class MySemaphore { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { final File stream = new File('c:tempstonefengstream.txt'); final OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(stream); final OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(os); final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(10); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); final long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { final int num = i; Runnable task = new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() { try { semaphore.acquire(); writer.write(String.valueOf(num)+'n'); semaphore.release(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }} }; exec.submit(task); } exec.shutdown(); exec.awaitTermination(1, TimeUnit.HOURS); writer.write('---END---n'); writer.close(); System.out.println('ËùÓеÄ×ÓÏ̶߳¼½áÊøÁË£¡'); final long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println((end-start)/1000); }}
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